![]() Large studies of benign breast disease in adult women have shown that risk of later breast cancer is stratified by the degree of epithelial proliferation identified histologically within the breast tissue. These findings include stromal fibrosis, cysts, apocrine metaplasia, columnar cell change, sclerosing adenosis, and epithelial hyperplasia. ![]() 1 In the histological setting, fibrocystic change refers to the microscopic features that characterize abnormalities seen in benign breast biopsies that do not represent a distinct macroscopic breast lesion. All surgical procedures in the developing breast should be performed cautiously, as trauma to the undeveloped breast can result in failure of breast development or asymmetry, and surgical disruption of subareolar ducts can impair or preclude future lactation.įibrocystic change is a term that may be used as either a histological or clinical description of benign breast disease, and fibrous mastopathy is another term that has been similarly used. When infections are due to nipple piercing, other organisms should be suspected. Breast infections can occur in adolescents, including both mastitis and/or abscess, and are treated similarly to adults, with drainage and antibiotic coverage for Staphylococcus. Intraductal papilloma and duct ectasia are two benign abnormalities associated with bloody nipple discharge, occurring more rarely in adolescents compared with adult women. ![]() The majority of adolescents who present with a palpable concern or lump have no discrete abnormality on ultrasound and are diagnosed with clinical fibrocystic change and followed up to ensure clinical stability. Although fibroadenoma is the most common benign abnormality in the adolescent breast, other diagnoses are possible. The authors discuss benign breast abnormalities in the adolescent breast other than fibroadenoma.
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